Once you make a flat bet (pass, don't pass, come, don't come) and a point has been set, you can place a wager on the Free Odds bet. The amount a casino lets you put on the Free Odds varies from casino to casino, and is called the Table Odds. It's always a multiple of your flat bet (e.g., 1x, 2x, 5x, 10x, etc.) Table Odds are almost always posted on casino craps tables with signs. As of this writing THE RIO, THE PARIS and SUNCOAST are the only casinos in Las Vegas noted by this author that do not post Table Odds signs on their craps tables. You may even have to ask the dealers what table minimums and maximums are. At each of these casinos Table Odds are 3X on 4 and 10, 4X on 5 and 9 and 5X on 6 and 8 in each of these casinos. (More on the Free Odds bet.)
The Maximum means the largest bet that you are allowed to make on the Pass Line, Don't Pass, Field or Big 6 and/or 8. It's also the largest bet allowed to be booked for Place Bets, and also usually the maximum payout allowed for proposition bets (in the middle of the table).
Maximum is a deceptive term because it doesn't apply to the Free Odds bets. For example, on a table that offers 2X Table Odds and which has a $1,000 maximum, you could make a $1,000 Flat Bet on the Pass Line and add another $2,000 behind it for Odds once your point is established, for a total of $3,000. Similarly, on a $1,000 table with 5X odds you could make a $1,000 flat Bet on the Pass Line and add another $5,000 behind it for Odds, for a total of $6,000.
Some Casinos place a limit on the Free Odds bet which is posted on their signage.
Policy and limits on maximum bets is usually established by the Boxman.
It is possible to exceed what a player might consider maximum by making another wager, even on the same number (point). For example, on a $500 maximum table with 2X odds it would be possible to bet $500 on the Pass Line, $1,000 odds on a point of 4, and then Place or "Buy" the 4 for $500. There is no rule against doing this as you are simply making a Place Bet in addition to your Pass Line bet. If you do so, the boxman and floorpeople might frown on this a bit but you should hold your ground that the limit applies to individual wagers. Placing the point is a common occurrence on tables with 2x odds where a player might have a very low bet on the Pass Line with odds and is confident that they will make the Point. This, in essence, is a way for a player to exceed the 2x odds limit (or any low odds table limit) when on a hot roll. Needless to say that this is a subtlety of the game that the house will not readily advertise, even in those casinos where they actually schedule craps training sessions for customers. And very few dealers would be prepared to offer you the advice to Press your wager(s) in this manner. If you find any dealers who can help you win in this manner when you are on a hot roll you should treat them like gold.
The 6 and/or 8 Exception Rule. You can exceed table limits in most casinos when placing odds on the 6 and/or 8. For example in a casino that posts a $4,000 Maximum on Free Odds you can probably wager $5,000 on Free Odds on the 6 and/or 8.
Don't Pass Ass Backwards. When laying Free Odds on the Don't Pass bet, you have to and are allowed to lay as much as double table maximum in order to win table maximum.
General